Supporting children and young people with SEND doesn't have to be daunting or require huge changes. Instead, by embracing the principles of quality first teaching, teachers can make small, practical adjustments that have a big impact on all students, especially those with SEND.
Quality first teaching is about creating an inclusive classroom where every child feels empowered to thrive, no matter their needs. Below, I explore key strategies that can be implemented immediately, even in cash and time-strapped classrooms. These ideas are all designed to be low-effort but high-impact.
The physical environment: Making space for success
The layout and sensory environment of a classroom can dramatically impact how well students engage with learning. Learners with sensory processing differences are often more sensitive to their surroundings, meaning a disorganised or overstimulating classroom can make it difficult to concentrate. Here are some ideas for putting it into practice:
- Flexible seating: Allow students to choose where to sit based on their needs. Some may prefer quiet corners, while others might do better near a window or by the door. This flexibility can support sensory preferences and reduce anxiety.
- Clear layout: Keep your classroom organised with designated spaces for different activities. A tidy, predictable environment reduces cognitive overload and helps students to focus.
- Calming corners: Create a sensory-friendly space with soft furnishings and calming resources where students can retreat if they feel overwhelmed. This could be as simple as a beanbag and some noise-cancelling headphones.
- Visual signage: Use clear, visual supports to label spaces, activities, and materials. This helps students with processing difficulties to independently navigate the classroom.
Quick Win: Designate a “calming corner” with minimal investment. Soft cushions, a few fidget toys, and a visual “break card” system can work wonders in helping students self-regulate.
Praise and motivation: Encouraging effort over achievement
How we praise our students can shape how they view themselves and their learning. Students with SEND often struggle with low self-esteem and can find it hard when they are not always able to achieve the same results as their peers. They might struggle more with certain tasks, so recognising their hard work rather than just the outcome can significantly boost their motivation and self-esteem. Here are some ideas for putting it into practice:
- Effort-based praise: Instead of simply saying “well done”, acknowledge the effort a student has put in – for example: “I really noticed how hard you tried with that writing task.”
- Celebrate small wins: Regularly recognise progress, no matter how small. This helps to build a sense of achievement and encourages a growth mindset.
- Peer praise: Introduce a peer recognition system where students can write down something positive about a class-mate. This fosters a supportive environment and builds social connections.
- Non-verbal praise: Some students may feel embarrassed by public praise. A thumbs-up, quiet word, or even a note in their book can be just as effective.
Quick win: Implement a Praise Jar. Encourage students to write positive notes about their class-mates’ efforts. At the end of the week, pull out a few to read aloud, boosting morale, and mutual appreciation.
Instruction delivery: Clarity is key
The way instructions are given can make or break a lesson for students with SEND. They may need more structure and repetition to fully understand tasks. By offering instructions in a clear, multi-sensory way, you can increase comprehension and engagement. Here are some ideas for putting it into practice:
- Step-by-step instructions: Break tasks down into manageable steps, making it easier for students to process the information and complete assignments successfully.
- Multi-sensory teaching: Use visual, auditory, and hands-on teaching methods to engage different learning styles. This makes learning more accessible to everyone in the room.
- Regular check-ins: Check for understanding throughout the lesson. Ask students to give a thumbs up or down to gauge whether they are following along.
- Demonstration first: Before asking students to complete a task, model it for them. Seeing how something is done before attempting it themselves helps reduce anxiety and confusion.
Quick win: Introduce the “thumbs up/down” system during lessons. This quick, non-verbal check allows students to signal their understanding without feeling singled out.
Feedback and assessment: Focus on growth
Effective feedback can have a profound impact on a student’s learning journey, especially for those with SEND. By focusing on strengths first and providing clear, constructive feedback, we can help students to feel supported in their development. Here are some ideas for putting it into practice:
- Timely feedback: Provide feedback soon after tasks are completed so students can quickly act on it while it is still fresh in their minds.
- Two stars and a wish: When giving feedback, point out two things the student did well and one area for improvement. This balanced approach boosts confidence while guiding further learning.
- Peer feedback: Encourage students to assess each other’s work. Peer assessment not only develops critical thinking skills but also promotes a sense of community in the classroom.
- Self-assessment: Give students opportunities to reflect on their own work. This can be done through simple self-assessment checklists or reflective discussions.
Quick win: Exit tickets: At the end of a lesson, give each student a small piece of paper to jot down one thing they learned and one question they still have. This helps gauge comprehension and highlights areas needing clarification while encouraging self-reflection.
Final thoughts
Incorporating these strategies into your daily practice requires only small changes but can have a significant impact on how your students engage, learn, and thrive.
Quality first teaching isn’t about doing more; it’s about doing what we already do, but with more intention and a focus on inclusivity. Every student deserves to feel supported and capable, and with these practical, low-cost strategies, you can create a classroom environment where all students are empowered to succeed.
- Dr Pooky Knightsmith is a passionate ambassador for mental health, wellbeing and PSHE. Her work is backed up both by a PhD in child and adolescent mental health and her own lived experience of PTSD, anorexia, self-harm, anxiety and depression. Visit www.pookyknightsmith.com. Find her previous articles and podcast/webinar appearances for Headteacher Update via www.headteacher-update.com/authors/dr-pooky-knightsmith